Herring—a humble fish, salty and packed with flavor—might seem like an unlikely hero in Jewish food history, but it has a surprisingly significant place at Jewish tables worldwide. How did Jews and herring become so closely intertwined, and why does this simple fish hold such a cherished place in Jewish culture?
Herring as a Staple of Ashkenazi Cuisine
For Ashkenazi Jews from Eastern Europe, herring was a major food source. Herring was affordable, easy to store, and versatile. Since it was abundant in Northern Europe and could be preserved in salt or vinegar for long periods, it was an ideal food for Jewish communities who often lived in poverty and didn’t have access to fresh fish.
Imagine families gathered for Shabbat in shtetls (small Jewish towns) across Poland, Lithuania, and Russia. With limited ingredients, they created dishes from what was available, and herring became a Shabbat staple. It wasn’t just a way to survive; herring was elevated to a culinary tradition that brought people together.
The Move to America—and the Birth of Jewish Delis
When Jews immigrated to America in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, they brought their love of herring with them. Jewish delis in New York and other cities became cultural hubs, and herring was a fixture on the menu, often served in different varieties like pickled herring, schmaltz herring (a richer version preserved in its own fat), or matjes herring (younger and slightly sweeter). At a Jewish deli, you could find a whole counter dedicated to this beloved fish!
For Jewish immigrants in America, herring represented a connection to the “Old Country” and a taste of home, comforting and familiar in a new, unfamiliar world. Eating herring became a way to preserve cultural identity and pass down tradition.
More Than Just a Fish: The Symbolism of Herring
In Jewish culture, food isn’t just food—it’s a symbol of heritage and resilience. Herring, a “simple” fish, tells the story of resourcefulness and adaptation. Jewish families took something accessible and turned it into something meaningful. Sharing herring at family gatherings or community events became a way to celebrate survival, identity, and joy.
Even today, herring remains popular among Jewish communities around the world. It’s served at holiday tables, Kiddush gatherings, and even hip, modern restaurants embracing old-school foods with a fresh twist. For those who grew up with it, herring is a nostalgic flavor that brings back memories of grandparents, Shabbat meals, and community celebrations.
Herring in Modern Jewish Culture
While herring might seem old-fashioned, it’s also finding its way into modern Jewish cuisine in creative ways. Chefs are experimenting with new flavors and textures, pairing it with ingredients like mustard, apples, or beets to bring out its unique taste. And even if you’ve never tried it, the sight of herring on a table at a Jewish event feels like a nod to history and a reminder of the way food ties generations together.
So, whether you’re a fan of the salty, vinegary taste or you’re still working up the courage to try it, herring is more than just a fish. It’s a symbol of Jewish resilience, adaptability, and the joy of sharing food with those we love.
Add a Comment