How do we know God exists?

It’s one of the biggest questions people ask: Does God exist? Whether you’ve thought about it in a philosophy class, heard it debated in pop culture, or even struggled with it personally, this question has been around for thousands of years. Judaism, with its rich history and deep wisdom, has a lot to say about it—but perhaps not in the way you’d expect.

Judaism and Faith: More Than Just Belief

Unlike some religions that demand blind faith, Judaism actually encourages questioning. The Talmud, one of our core Jewish texts, is filled with debates between rabbis, and questioning is considered an essential part of learning. Asking whether God exists isn’t a problem—it’s part of a lifelong journey.

In Judaism, belief in God is not just about accepting a fact; it’s about experiencing a relationship. Instead of proving God’s existence in a scientific way, Jewish thought focuses on engaging with God through learning, prayer, and action.

Classic Jewish Arguments for God’s Existence

1. The Argument from Design – The world is full of incredible complexity, from the laws of physics to the details of DNA. Many Jewish thinkers, like Maimonides (Rambam), saw this as evidence of a Creator. The Torah’s first words, “In the beginning, God created the heavens and the earth” (Genesis 1:1), remind us that everything has a source.
2. The Historical Experience of the Jewish People – Jewish history is unique. Despite centuries of exile, persecution, and survival against all odds, the Jewish people remain connected to their faith, traditions, and homeland. Many see this as a sign of divine involvement in history.
3. The Personal Experience of God – Judaism emphasizes personal connection with God through mitzvot (commandments), prayer, and moral action. Many people feel God’s presence when they engage in Jewish life, whether in moments of gratitude, challenge, or deep learning.

But What If I Have Doubts?

Doubt is normal, and Judaism doesn’t shy away from it. Even some of our greatest Jewish figures, like Moses, Abraham, and the prophets, questioned God at times. In fact, struggling with faith can actually strengthen it.

If you’re unsure about God’s existence, try approaching Judaism from a different angle. Engage with Jewish wisdom, practice mitzvot, or get involved in the Jewish community. Many people find that their belief in God grows not from abstract debates but from experiencing Judaism in action. This is one of the reasons the first commandment of the Ten Commandments is “I am the Lord your God who took you out of Egypt and not ‘who created the world.” Our connection to God is through experience and connection. 

The Takeaway

Judaism doesn’t insist that belief in God be simple or obvious. Instead, it offers a way to explore, question, and experience faith through study, practice, and community. If you’re asking whether God exists, you’re already thinking like a Jew—someone who wrestles with big questions and seeks deeper meaning. Keep exploring, keep questioning, and keep growing. You’re in good company.